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更多“（) gives consumers and countri…”相关的问题
A.larger;more
B.less;more
C.larger;less
D.less;less
A.the law of elastic supply
B.the law of elastic demand
C.consumers will bid up the price of oil
D.all of the above
E.none of the above
2007年，美国人消费了192亿包香烟。他们支付的平均零售价格为4.5美元/包。
(1)给定供给弹性为0.5,需求弹性为-0.4,推导香烟的线性需求与供给曲线。
(2)香烟税是联邦税种，2007年大约为每包40美分，该税收对市场出清价格和产量产生了什么影响？
(3)消费者将支付多少香烟税？生产者呢？
In 2007，Americans smoked 19. 2 billion packs of cigarettes. They paid an average retail price of $ 4.50 per pack.
a. Given that the elasticity of supply is 0. 5 and the elasticity of demand is -0. 4 , derive linear demand and supply curves for cigarettes.
b. Cigarettes are subject to a federal tax, which was about 40 cents per pack in 2007. What does this tax do to the market - clearing price and quantity？
c. How much of the federal tax will consumers pay？ What part will producers pay？
1983年里根执政时，推行"实物支付计划"。以小麦市场为例，考察该计划如何奏效。
(1)假设需求函数为QD=28-2P，供给函数为QS=4+4P。P是小麦的价格，单位为美元/蒲式耳，Q是产量，单位为10亿蒲式耳，试求出自由市场均衡价格和产量。
(2)假设政府向农民支付小麦，鼓励农民将部分土地退耕，使供给减少自由市场均衡量产量的25%。用于支付的小麦来源于政府储备，数量等于退耕土地的收获量。农民可在市场上自由出售这些小麦。问农民的产量为多少？政府间接供应市场多少小麦？新的市场价格是多少？农民获益多少？消费者得益还是受损？
(3)如果政府不把小麦返送给农民，小麦将积压或变质。纳税人从该计划中受益吗？该计划存在什么潜在问题？
In 1983, the Reagan Administration introduced a new agricultural program called the Payment-in-Kind Program. To see how the program worked, let' s consider the wheat market.
a. Suppose the demand function is QD=28-2P and the supply function is QS=4+4P, where P is the price of wheat in dollars per bushel and Q is the quantity in billions of bushels. Find the free-market equilibrium price and quantity.
b. Now suppose the government wants to lower the supply of wheat by 25 percent from the free-market equilibrium by paying farmers to withdraw land from production. However, the payment is made in wheat rather than in dollars- hence the name of the program. The wheal comes from the government ' s vast reserves that resulted from previous price support programs. The amount of wheal paid is equal to the amount that could have been harvested on the land withdrawn from production. Farmers. are free to sell this wheat on the market. How much is now produced by farmers？ How much is indirectly supplied to the market by the government？ What is the new market price？ How much do the farmers gain？ Do consumers gain or lose？
c. Had the government not given the wheat back to the farmers, it would have stored or destroyed i. Do taxpayers gain from the program？ What potential problems does the program create？
