Losing your ability to think and remember is prettyscary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn't worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia andage-related memory loss. After age 50, it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places andthings quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brainthat are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affectcommunication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced asblood vessels narrow. Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. Butif you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it, that's far moreconcerning, Daffner says. When you forget entire experiences, he says, that's "a red flag that something more seriousmay be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, orforgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also besigns of something going wrong. But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many things that can causeconfusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathingduring sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) likeantidepressants. You don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to checkon medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the bestdefense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says. "Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novelways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physicallyactive, because exercise is a known brain booster.Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips? 1..Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slips?()
A、Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B、They occur only among certain groups of people.
C、Not all of them are related to one's age.
D、They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
The survey of more than 6,000managers and employees in 26 organizations in the U.S. and Canada showed that employees and managers felt their employers did a good job explaining their performance objectives and the way their performance is measured. They were unclear, though, about how performance was related to pay. Surprisingly, employees reported they knew more about stock options at their companies and how they are determined than how base pay is. However, the results showed that base pay knowledge plays a larger role in overall pay satisfaction than do other forms of compensation, such as bonuses. Employees who had higher levels of pay knowledge showed greater overall pay satisfaction, which, in turn, was linked to higher levels of retention(聘用), commitment to the company, and even trust in management. In other words, Heneman emphasizes, ensuring that employees understand their pay is good for a company’s bottom line.
He feels that corporate culture is often a major problem in dealing with the lack of pay knowledge among workers. In many companies, it is considered taboo—or even explicitly forbidden—to discuss matters dealing with salary. In lieu of (代替) disclosing actual pay amounts of employees to others within the company, management can provide more information about pay practices and policies, such as the process used to determine salary, and the average of raises in a particular year. Workers want more than generalities; they want to know how pay policies apply to their particular situation, Heneman points out. That often means managers need to sit down with their employees one-on-one.
21. What does the North American Survey mainly suggest?
A. If the employers make their pay policy known better, the company would get more in return.
B. If the employers make their pay policy known better, they would get pay raises and bonuses.
C. If the employees know more about the pay policy of the company, they would get more.
D. If the employees know more about the pay policy of the company, they would become one in the management.
22. The employers of many companies failed to ______.
A. explain what their performance objectives were
B. explain the way performance was measured
C. explain the way performance was related to pay
D. explain how performance was related to promotion
23. Which of the following is the most important factor in overall pay satisfaction?
A. Stock options.
B. Bonuses.
C. Corporate culture.
D. Base pay.
24. The employees who understand and are satisfied with their pay would ______.
A. be willing to remain in the bottom line
B. be willing to be loyal and dedicated to the company
C. be ensured that their pay is justified
D. be ensured that their employers are worthwhile
25. What can employers do to help their employees know better how pay is determined?
A. They can shatter the taboo by encouraging discussion about salary matters among the employees.
B. They can disclose pay amounts of employees to others within the company.
C. They can talk with individual employee about how pay policies apply to his particular situation.
D. They can tell all employees the total of raises in a particular year.
A.With pleasur
B.No, I couldn’t
C.Yes, I coul
D.Not at all.
A.a little
B.many
C.a plenty of
D.much